@article {Luther2012,
	title = {{Chemistry, Temperature, and Faunal Distributions at Diffuse-Flow Hydrothermal Vents Comparison of Two Geologically Distinct Ridge Systems}},
	journal = {Oceanography},
	volume = {25},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {234{\textendash}245},
	abstract = {Diffuse-flow, low-temperature areas near hydrothermal vents support life via chemosynthesis: hydrogen sulfide (and other reduced chemical compounds) emanating from the subsurface is oxidized with bottom-water oxygen through bacterial mediation to fix carbon dioxide and produce biomass. This article reviews the in~situ diffuse-flow chemistry (mainly H2S and O2) and temperature data collected in 2006 and 2009 along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center (ELSC), and from 2004 to 2008 at 9{\textdegree}N along the East Pacific Rise (9 N EPR), predominantly around macrofauna that contain endosymbionts at these two hydrothermal vent regions. More than 48,000 and 20,000 distinct chemical and temperature data points were collected with a multi-analyte electrochemical analyzer in the diffuse-flow waters at 9 N EPR and the ELSC, respectively. Despite their different geological settings and different macrofauna (two different species of snails and mussels at the ELSC versus two different species of tubeworms and mussels at 9 N EPR), there are similarities in the temperature and chemistry data, as well as in the distributions of organisms. The pattern of water chemistry preferred by the provannid snails (Alviniconcha~spp., Ifremeria nautilei) and Bathymodiolus brevior at the ELSC is similar to the water chemistry pattern found for the siboglinid tubeworms (Tevnia jerichonana, Riftia pachyptila) and the Bathymodiolus thermophilus mussels at 9 N EPR. The eruptions at 9 N EPR in 2005 and 2006 resulted in increased H2S concentrations, increased H2S/T ratios, and an initial change in the dominant tubeworm species from Riftia pachyptila to Tevnia jerichonana after the eruption created new vent habitats. In 2005, two sites at 9 N EPR showed major increases in the H2S/T ratio from 2004, which suggested a probable eruption in this basalt-dominated system. At the ELSC, there was a decrease in the H2S/T ratio from northern to southern sites, which reflects the change in geological setting from basalt to andesite and the shallower water depths at the southern sites.},
	keywords = {HOV Alvin (Human Occupied Vehicle), ROV Jason (Remotely Operated Vehicle)},
	issn = {1042-8275},
	doi = {10.5670/oceanog.2012.22},
	author = {Luther, G W and Gartman, A and Yuecel, M and Madison, A S and Moore, T S and Nees, H A and Nuzzio, D B and Sen, A and Lutz, R A and Shank, T M and Fisher, C R}
}
@article {Podowski2009,
	title = {{Distribution of diffuse flow megafauna in two sites on the Eastern Lau Spreading Center, Tonga}},
	journal = {Deep-Sea Research. Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers},
	volume = {56},
	number = {11},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {2041{\textendash}2056},
	keywords = {ROV Jason (Remotely Operated Vehicle)},
	issn = {0967-0637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2009.07.002},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2009.07.002},
	author = {Podowski, E L and Moore, T S and Zelnio, K A and Luther, G W and Fisher, C R}
}
@article {Moore2009,
	title = {{Time-series chemical and temperature habitat characterization of diffuse flow hydrothermal sites at 9 degrees 50'N East Pacific Rise}},
	journal = {Deep-Sea Research. Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography},
	volume = {56},
	number = {19-20},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {1616{\textendash}1621},
	keywords = {HOV Alvin (Human Occupied Vehicle)},
	issn = {0967-0645},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.008},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.008},
	author = {Moore, T S and Shank, T M and Nuzzio, D B and Luther, G W}
}
@article {Nees2008,
	title = {{Hydrothermal vent mussel habitat chemistry, pre- and post-eruption at 9 degrees 50'North on the East Pacific Rise}},
	journal = {Journal of Shellfish Research},
	volume = {27},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {169{\textendash}175},
	keywords = {HOV Alvin (Human Occupied Vehicle), ROV Argo (Remotely Operated Vehicle)},
	issn = {0730-8000},
	doi = {10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[169:HVMHCP]2.0.CO;2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[169:HVMHCP]2.0.CO 2},
	author = {Nees, H A and Moore, T S and Mullaugh, K M and Holyoke, R R and Janzen, C P and Ma, S and Metzger, E and Waite, T J and Yucel, M and Lutz, R A and Shank, T M and Vetriani, C and Nuzzio, D B and Luther, G W}
}
@article {Lutz2008,
	title = {{Interrelationships between vent fluid chemistry, temperature, seismic activity, and biological community structure at a mussel-dominated, deep-sea hydrothermal vent along the East Pacific Rise}},
	journal = {Journal of Shellfish Research},
	volume = {27},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {177{\textendash}190},
	keywords = {HOV Alvin (Human Occupied Vehicle)},
	issn = {0730-8000},
	doi = {10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[177:IBVFCT]2.0.CO;2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[177:IBVFCT]2.0.CO 2},
	author = {Lutz, R A and Shank, T M and Luther, G W and Vetriani, C and Tolstoy, M and Nuzzio, D B and Moore, T S and Waldhauser, F and Crespo-Medina, M and Chatziefthimiou, A D and Annis, E R and Reed, A J}
}
@article {Luther2008,
	title = {{Use of voltammetric solid-state (micro)electrodes for studying biogeochemical processes: Laboratory measurements to real time measurements with an in situ electrochemical analyzer (ISEA)}},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {108},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {221{\textendash}235},
	keywords = {HOV Alvin (Human Occupied Vehicle)},
	issn = {0304-4203},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marchem.2007.03.002},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2007.03.002},
	author = {Luther, G W and Glazer, B T and Ma, S and Trouwborst, R E and Moore, T S and Metzger, E and Kraiya, C and Waite, T J and Druschel, G and Sundby, B and Taillefert, M and Nuzzio, D B and Shank, T M and Lewis, B L and Brendel, P J}
}
@article {Waite2008,
	title = {{Variation in sulfur speciation with shellfish presence at a Lau Basin diffuse flow vent site}},
	journal = {Journal of Shellfish Research},
	volume = {27},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {163{\textendash}168},
	keywords = {ROV Jason (Remotely Operated Vehicle)},
	issn = {0730-8000},
	doi = {10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[163:VISSWS]2.0.CO;2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[163:VISSWS]2.0.CO 2},
	author = {Waite, T J and Moore, T S and Childress, J J and Hsu-Kim, H and Mullaugh, K M and Nuzzio, D B and Paschal, A N and Tsang, J and Fisher, C R and Luther, G W}
}
@article {Mullaugh2008,
	title = {{Voltammetric (micro)electrodes for the in situ study of Fe2+ oxidation kinetics in hot springs and S2O3-2- production at hydrothermal vents}},
	journal = {Electroanalysis},
	volume = {20},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {280{\textendash}290},
	keywords = {ROV Jason (Remotely Operated Vehicle)},
	issn = {1040-0397},
	doi = {10.1002/elan.200704056},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.200704056},
	author = {Mullaugh, K M and Luther, G W and Ma, S and Moore, T S and Yucel, M and Becker, E L and Podowski, E L and Fisher, C R and Trouwborst, R E and Pierson, B K}
}
